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علوم اجتماعی و جامعه شناسی::
کمیسیون حقوقی
In Finland, the 1864 Report of the Penal Law Commission stated that 'the penal law should not be used solely to support general legal security and the maintenance of the authority of the law and to provide for the possibility of meting out punishment in a just proportion to the seriousness of the offence; instead, in a truly Christian spirit it should also attempt to further the reform of the fallen offender and his achieving a new start through the use of measures which can be connected with the force of punishment without the punishment losing its severity and repressiveness' (quoted by Lahti,
Accordingly, the respective law commissions and advisory bodies set up to bring about the modernization of penal law in the early nineteenth century brought very different modes of knowledge to this task.
The Swedish Law Commission (1815) took the view that the death penalty was 'barbaric and could only make people hardened and alienated towards the law . . .
Thus, the Swedish Law Commission's (1826) Proposition refers to German and French jurisprudence, as well as abolitionist reforms in other jurisdictions - Hanover, Saxony, Wurtemberg and Weimar in Germany, Swiss cantons, and Louisiana in the USA.
As a subsequent Proposition (Swedish Law Commission,
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